Summer is just around the corner, and we have already had a few days of above average temperatures. Knowing the signs and symptoms and how to protect against heat-related illness will help you when working in the high temperatures of summer. Heat related illness includes heat exhaustion and heat strokes and they occur when the body’s temperature control system is overloaded. Those involved in agriculture are at a higher risk due to long hours in the heat and sun.
Heat exhaustion is the most common and can lead to dehydration. Sign and symptoms include, heavy sweating, paleness, tiredness, muscle cramps, weakness, dizziness or fainting, headache, nausea and vomiting. Someone with these symptoms should move to a cool space, rest and drink water. Seek medical attention if symptoms worsen or last longer than an hour.
Heat stroke occurs when the body’s temperature raises to 104F which can be deadly. Call 911 immediately if a person has a high body temperature, red, hot or dry skin, rapid pulse, throbbing headache, dizziness, nausea, confusion or unconsciousness.
Tips to protect yourself from heat-related illness:
• Drink plenty of water, even if you do not feel thirsty; avoid drinks that contain alcohol or caffeine.
• Wear loose-fitting, lightweight and light-colored clothing, hats, sunglasses and use sunscreen.
• If it is practical, avoid strenuous work during the hottest part of the day. Take frequent breaks and drink plenty of water if this is not possible.
• Work with a buddy when possible, in high heat and high stress jobs to watch for signs of heat stress.
• Check on senior adults, young children and pets.
• Eat small, frequent meals and avoid high protein foods, hot foods and heavy meals. Frozen fruit is great choice and a refreshing treat.
• Use fans in areas with minimal circulation but don’t rely on them as your only means of cooling.
• Take breaks in an air-conditioned area to help your body recover.
• Ask your doctor or pharmacist if any medication you are taking puts you at increased risk for heat-related illness.
