Here in the Ozarks, it is common for farmers and ranchers to breed their cows for a fall crop of calves.
Some cattlemen prefer fall calves to spring calves due to the lighter birth weights, which make calving a little easier on the cows.
Experts from the Extensions of both the University of Oklahoma and Missouri advise cattle producers that making plans before the calving season can save time and reduce stress.
There are other benefits to fall calving. “Fall-calving females tend to have lighter birth weights on their calves due to the hot weather they’ve experienced,” said University of Missouri Extension Livestock Specialist Eldon Cole.
The blood flow pattern of cows in hot weather changes to disperse heat from the body – this creates less blood flow in the cow’s inner core, and this in turn leads to a lighter calf. But keep in mind that lighter fall calves can sometimes be weaker than their heavier spring counterparts – so you’ll want to monitor your fall calves closely to ensure that they are receiving proper nutrition and care from the cows, and yourself. If you are expecting fall calves, here are some things to keep in mind as you prepare for calving season.
Shade
Fall is typically considered a cool time of year. But if your cows are calving during “early” fall, temperatures can often still be high enough to warrant some shade.
“Shade or cool areas may be needed in early fall calving,” said Jeff Parmley, Oklahoma State University Extension Ag Educator. “Sometimes man made shelters block air movement, so trees and shade areas are more beneficial in the early fall providing cool areas.” If possible, house your cow herd in a pasture with some large trees to provide a reprieve from the heat until the true cooler autumn temperatures move in.
Equipment
When you are preparing for fall calving season, it is critical to make sure your calving kit is properly stocked. If your herd will be calving in early fall, you’ll want your kit to be ready for action a week to ten days prior to your first calving date – cows bred for early fall calving (August-September) will often go into labor four to six days earlier than cows bred for late fall calving (October). Your calving kit should include items like obstetrical chains and handles, lubricant, towels, colostrum, electrolytes, bottles with rubber nipples, syringes, penicillin, and oxytocin for a clean-up shot. All your equipment should be stored in a clean tote or bucket with a lid. A veterinarian and/or your local feed store should carry the majority of these supplies.
Forages
If you will be rebreeding in the fall, there are some things to consider about the forages that are available at that time. “With fall calving, the cows will be rebreeding with grazing a cool season grass like fescue, wheat, rye, or strictly on hay. If feeding a low quality forage or hay, then supplement will be needed,” Parmley said. Supplemental feed can come in the form of a grain mix, or breeder cattle cubes. Liquid mineral or hard lick mineral tubs formulated specifically for cattle can also be provided for extra groceries during fall rebreeding.
Doing your homework and preparation, and gathering your supplies before your fall calves start hitting the ground can help ensure a healthy and successful calving season all the way around.
