“The type of livestock and the purpose of the fence are important considerations that should be reviewed when selecting fencing materials,” said Jeremy Huff, state grazing lands specialist for Arkansas’ U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service. “Different types of fences can meet the purpose for different livestock types. However, a certain type of fence is often preferred over other types of fences by individuals.”
Small ruminant animals, such as sheep and goats, require a much tighter fence than do larger animals. “I generally recommend making perimeter fences a priority so livestock can be contained on your farm,” said Andy McCorkill, regional livestock specialist for extension at the University of Missouri.
Rotating & Paddock Fencing
When planning and constructing rotating paddock fences, the most important consideration is the livestock’s access to water. “Paddock size is also very important and the use of temporary electric fence will allow individuals more flexibility in controlling paddock size and available forage resources,” Huff added.
A system that allows for no more than 800 feet to water will greatly improve the grazing distribution and make for a more even growth of the forage.
“For further division of an individual paddock or pasture, poly wire and step in posts work well because they can be moved with ease and are not very costly,” McCorkill said.
Permanent Fencing
When planning for permanent fencing, an electric fence allows individuals to install fence easier and more cost efficient compared to a conventional barbed-wire fence.
“Permanent pasture fence is very important because it provides the framework for possible sub-dividing with temporary electric fence,” Huff said.
Important components of a reliable electric fence system that must be installed correctly include the energizer and basic materials such as a spinning jenny, cut-off switches and meters.
All corner posts have to be good quality and solid. “The best fencing materials money can buy won’t hold up if they aren’t tied to a solid post,” McCorkill said.
Gates need to be conveniently located, sized for your use and swing in the right direction to make animals flow properly.
Corrals & Working Pens
“A well established and secure corral and handling pen that facilitates low-stress livestock handling methods is essential for livestock operations,” Huff said. “I encourage anyone interested in corral and handling pens to read Dr. Temple Grandin’s publications.”
Working pens and corrals also need to have fences that are solid and tall enough to keep animals contained. “Look at the placement of your lots, alley and chute, and consider things such as access to load/unload easily, easy flow of animals, and the size of your herd,” McCorkill said.
Regarding site locations for a corral and handling pen(s), considerations should include rotational grazing patterns and ease of gathering cattle to the planned location.
Remember to allow for some flexibility. “There may be a time when you need a little more room or an extra sorting pen or something, just plan so it is easier to add on to later,” McCorkill said.
